According to the University of London, the number of Down’s syndrome pregnancies has risen by more than 70% over the last 20 years. These statistics reflect the growing number of older women becoming pregnant, when there is a higher risk. An increase in the number of subsequent abortions and more antenatal diagnoses means slightly fewer children are being born with Down’s syndrome.
The number of Down’s syndrome pregnancies rose from 1,075 diagnoses in 1990 to 1,843 by 2008 in England and Wales. Despite this the number of Down’s pregnancies, the number of babies with Down’s syndrome has fallen by 1%, from 752 to 743. According to the study this is because improved antenatal screening means more Down’s pregnancies are being spotted and more abortions are taking place. Without the improved screening, the number of babies born with Down’s would have risen by 48%.
So what is Down’s syndrome?
A genetic disorder named after the British physician John Langdon Down, who identified it in 1866.
Inhibits the ability to learn and develop mentally.
About 60,000 people have Down’s syndrome in the UK.
Joan Morris, professor of medical statistics at Queen Mary, led the research and she said: “What we’re seeing here is a steep rise in pregnancies with Down’s syndrome but that is being offset by improvements in screening. Doctors told Natasha and Eddie Batha that there was a one-in-170 chance that their daughter Mia, who is now three, would be born with the condition, when it was discovered that Mia did have the condition they realised that it was not as bad as they had feared.
People seem to forget that there is a person behind the label who is just a little bit different, in some cases unless you were told a person has a specific condition you wouldn’t know. It would seem that if people were better informed about things like this then there may be fewer terminations because mothers are led to believe that if their child is diagnosed with something then it is the worst thing ever.
Unfortunately there is very little information aimed at children that explains the various conditions. I’ve found that the best approach is to wait until your child brings it up, then answer their questions honestly but try to keep the information simple and concise otherwise you may succeed in scaring your child or just confusing them due to information overload.
The reason I suggest leaving it till your child brings it up is:
Any parent knows that there will come a point when your child asks questions about topics such as periods or where baby’s come from. Answering these questions is easy enough if you are having the discussion with a child just starting puberty but when they are asked by a younger child they are not so easy. So how do you answer them?
Well when my 2 year old wandered into the bathroom whilst I was putting a sanitary towel in my underwear and asked what I was doing I told her that I had to put a special pad in my underwear. To which her response was: “why?” So I told her that it was something ladies had to do sometimes. I thought that I had got off lightly until my daughter decided to look in the toilet whilst I was pulling up my trousers and got very upset to see blood in the toilet. So I explained that it was ok and nothing to worry about, and that it was what happened to ladies when they hadn’t got a baby in their tummy. She asked if that was what the pad was for so I said yes. She accepted this answer then went off to play with her toys.
I know that some people will disagree with me for giving my daughter this much information given the fact that she is two but I believe that the best way is to be honest with your child. Obviously the amount of information you give them is up to you but I simply gave my daughter enough information to answer her question in a simple format that she could understand.
I personally find it easier to be honest with my daughter because if you lie you have to remember what you told them as they remember. Also if take the other approach and try and hide it one of two things will usually happen either their curiosity will mean that they will try to find out what you are hiding, or if they have a problem or something like managing periods when they are older, they may try to hide it themselves, be embarassed and not know how to handle it.
Due to alot of the media hype about child abuse some parents are too frightened to discuss issues such as periods, in case the child repeats what they have been told and the parents get accused of sexually abusing the child. Pregnancy never really causes too many problems explaining unless the child asks how the baby got into your tummy; to see how I explained pregnancy to my daughter see: Pregnancy and other Children.
As I have already said how much you tell your child is up to you but I would definately say that honesty is the way to go. Just make sure that you explain it in a way that they can understand, also don’t worry about what people will say as if anyone asks you can tell them what happened, chances are you are not the only person in this situation and they are also wondering how to handle the situation, because not many people will openly say; “how do you explain …….to a ….year old?” mainly because they are worried about what people will say or think.
One of the most commonly asked questions amongst parents is is intelligence related to nature or nurture? Research carried out over the last few decades, has convinced psychologists that genes play a large part in determining our intelligence levels. It is estimated that as much as 50% of the variation may inherited. A research team, lead by Robert Plomin at the Institute of Psychiatry in London found that a link existed between a specific gene and high intelligence.
Personally I think that the child’s environment plays a far bigger role in their intelligence than genetics purely because if you are willing to put in the time and the effort with the child then they can become very intelligent without necessarily having the gene that is supposed to be linked to intelligence. You can play with them and offer them opportunities to experience new things to give you some ideas see the articles Toys that could enhance your child’s development,Can you enhance your child’s development?,and finally just to prove that it doesn’t have to be expensive seeentertaining your child on a budget. Well I hope that this helps clarify the situation.
The word yoga means “union” in Sanskrit, the language used in ancient India where yoga originated from. What is usually referred to as “yoga” can be more accurately described by the Sanskrit word asana, which refers to the practice of physical postures or poses. Asana is only one small part of yoga; which can be divided into eight “limbs”, the majority of which are more concerned with mental and spiritual well being than physical activity.
We all know that as we age we lose flexibility, however there are a few stretches that you can do with your baby to help them maintain supple joints and also helps develop a wider range of movement.
1.Hand to Foot – With this excercise you take one of your baby’s hands and tickle the sole of the opposite foot with their fingers. Then repeat with the other hand and foot.
2.Scissors – With your baby lying on your lap, cross their arms at their chest then alternate with the opposite arm on top.
3.The Bicycle – Move your baby’s legs like they are pedaling a bike. This is great for promoting flexible hip and knee joints, it’s also great for relieving colic.
4Good morning, little feet – Cross your baby’s legs over her tummy, alternating so the other leg is on top. Then holding your baby’s ankle move their foot towards their mouth allow the knee to bend. This exercise is great for opening out the hip and maintaining hip and leg flexibility
According to a PCP poll 63% of parents want kitchens in state schools so children can be taught how to cook. Andy Powell said: “Parents quite rightly want the best learning environment for their children and that includes facilities that in the past have only been available in the country’s private schools. If designed and managed correctly, with a clear vision and with dedicated staff and sponsors, new-build academies offer an opportunity to give pupils the type of learning they need, using the right facilities.”
In the 2006 Budget, Gordon Brown set out a goal to raise state school spending per pupil from £5,000 a year to the independent sector average of £8,000. The Department for Children, Schools and Families said: “Schools in England have never had such massive, sustained investment in facilities – with an eight-fold real terms rise between 1997 and 2011. Around 4,000 schools and tens of thousands of classrooms have been newly built, rebuilt or largely refurbished thanks to our £36bn capital over the last 12 years. We are committed to rebuilding or refurbishing the entire secondary school estate and half of all primary schools – giving parents, teachers and pupils outstanding classroom, music and sports facilities.”
Personally I think that this is a great idea as children should enjoy cooking and if you introduce cooking from an early age it doesn’t seem quite so intimidating and you are then able to aquire a broader range of skills in the kitchen. It may also help to reduce obesity as children will be taught how to prepare healthy snacks and meals. It may also reduce the number of adults that rely on ready meals as they don’t know how to make simple meals such as bangers and mash.
I don’t know if anyone else has noticed but one of the main assumptions people seem to make is that if the child is bright then they must have pushy parents. In other words a child that is only just above average intelligence is being forced to become a genius. I bet Georgina’s parents got accused of being pushy when she became the youngest member of Mensa! The parents also are accused of applying pressure to the schools to get special treatment. It is not necessarily the case that if you have 2 intelligent parents that the child will be bright. However the odds are greatly increased if the parents are bright, this is usually down to nurture. At present there is no genetic cause for intelligence.
We all know some parents are pushy, these are the ones who will do anything to ensure that their child gets into the best schools etc. That’s not to say that all parents who want the best for their child is pushy I mean the parents who will move house purely to get their child into a specific school.
Some parents have a very able child, and can find it difficult, the easiest way to identify a pushy parent is to listen to the way they talk about their child they are often very smug about their child’s ability. Those that aren’t pushy parents often blame themselves when their child becomes the target of bullies.
Teachers don’t always know how to deal with the children who are exceptionally bright and often deny that the child is bright instead they claim that the child is naughty. In some cases children do act up as a result of boredom if the tasks they are set are not challenging. That is not say that all children who are labelled as naughty at school are exceptionally bright, but you know your child better than anyone else so will be able to tell if they are “being disruptive” as a result of intelligence. Some children are bored by school because the pace is too slow as can be seen in the article about an 8 year old who got an A* in maths!
If anyone reading this has a bright child it can seem hard particularly if your child is constantly needing constant attention and mental stimulation. All I will say to you is don’t worry this is perfectly normal and don’t anyone who tries to tell you that you are pushy any of the other nonsense associated with having a bright child is probably either jealous or don’t understand what it is like to have a very bright child; take it from someone who knows.
The best advice I can give is to get your baby into a routine that fits around your other children to ensure that you are able to spend quality time with them, otherwise they may grow to resent the baby and this is where the problems start. Your children’s behaviour may become erratic temporarily following the birth of your baby, however this usually settles in time if you deal with it patiently and with understanding. In some cases reward chats may help. If you are at all concerned speak to your health visitor but keep reminding yourself that it is most likely a phase while your child adjusts to having to share your attention and just generally the idea of having a new sibling.
All toys could potentially enhance your child’s development as long as you use them at the appropriate time, for example the toys you would use to enhance your child’s development as a baby are not the same as those that you would use for a toddler.
For the purpose of this article I am going to focus on toys for toddlers.
- Matching games such as snap or dominoes are great, they encourage the child to recognise when things are the same and when they are different. It also encourages them to take turns.
- Giving your child paper and something to draw with helps develop hand-eye coordination as well as their fine motor skills.
- Building bricks are good as they aid gross motor skill
- Toys that allow your child to use their imagination such as pots and pans, these encourage your child to broaden his or her vocabulary, they also open opportunities for interaction, it is also allows the child to explore and make sense of the world around them.
I’m not saying that you need alot of expensive toys just a few good quality ones that aren’t even that expensive. Other things that will make a difference to your child’s development is talking to your child as a normal person rather than dumbing things down to the level of a baby. Also giving your child the opportunity to be independent but at the same time having very clear boundaries about the type of behaviour that it is acceptable and the consequences for unacceptable behaviour. Involve the child in daily tasks such as setting the table, this provides the child with numerous benefits such as learning the vocabulary for everyday items as well as boosting the child’s self esteem if you give them praise for helping you, as toddlers attempt to imitate adults so if they feel that they are achieving the aim successfully it will boost their confidence.
There is no fixed age at which you should start potty training your child, it is simply a case of waiting until your child is ready; although it is easier in summer as the weather is generally warmer and there are fewer clothes to take off.
How do I know when my child is ready?
- They are aware of having a wet or dirty nappy
- They know when they are peeing or pooing and may tell you they’re doing it.
- They know when they need to pee or poo and will tell you in advance
You can start when your child is aware that they are peeing or pooing it will just take longer than if your child is at the the 3rd stage.
How to do it
- Leave the potty where it is easily accessible to your child this may mean moving it from room to room
- Explain to your child what the potty is for
- It is helpful if your child sees you using the toilet and knows what you are doing
- If your child regularly poos at the same time each day you may want to try and see if they will do it in the potty
- If you see that your child wants to pee try to see if they will use the potty
- Give your child plenty of praise when they manage to use the potty
A word of advice don’t shout at your child if they don’t manage to make it to the potty; there will be lots of accidents during the whole process, if you make it into a big deal it may cause alot of problems, such as your child hiding the fact that they have had an accident or regressing.
Here are a list of common problems you may encounter:
- The child has no interest in using the potty – don’t worry your child isn’t ready try again in a few weeks
- Make sure that the child doesn’t feel pressured – speak to your health visitor as stopping and starting alot will confuse your child
- If your child has been dry for a while and then starts wetting again – be understanding the child is not doing it on purpose and will be upset about the lapse
Some health professionals claim that it is possible to complete the process in 3 days if you put your child in pants and don’t go out for those 3 days. However not every child will be able to do this as every child is unique so if your health visitor gives you this advice please don’t get upset if your child doesn’t grasp the idea in those 3 days. My daughter is nearly 2 and we have been trying to potty train her for nearly 2 weeks and although we are making progress she isn’t dry most days yet. The only time I put her in nappies is if we are going out in the car and at night or if she has a nap during the day, please don’t try and get your child to be dry both day and night at the same time only attempt getting them dry at night when they are dry most days . When we go out I get her to go use the potty before we go out then every half hour I take her to the toilet and get her to try I make sure that I have plenty of clean clothes in case of accidents.